ABSTRACT
Background: Physicians are confronted on having ECG in patients with acute stroke as it can mimic that of myocardial infarction/ischemia. They should be aware of these changes taking place in patients with acute stroke and not due to myocardial infarction/ischemia. The objective of the present study was to study ECG changes in patients with acute stroke.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months at Malla Reddy Hospital. A total of 100 patients were included who were eligible for the presents study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed clinical examination, history, lipid profile, blood pressure, BMI, addictions, RBS and ECG were done for all selected patients. Data was analysed using means, proportions. Statistical tests like chi square test and t test were used.Results: Majority of patients with acute stroke were above 60 years of age, males, urban residents, professional and skilled persons, and alcoholics. Based on the study of ECG among patients with acute stroke it was found that T wave inversion was the most common ECG change found in 33% and this was more in females (36.1%) compared to 31.3% in males. LVH was next common condition found on ECG of acute stroke patients but this time its incidence was more in males (25%) compared to females with only 13.9%. Factors like age, BMI, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL, addictions, residence, sex, family history were not found to be associated with ECG changes.Conclusions: T wave inversion and left axis deviation along with left ventricular hypertrophy were common ECG changes in patients with acute stroke. No studied factor was found to be associated with ECG changes in patients with acute stroke.
ABSTRACT
Background: The cause of muscular dystrophies is genetic. It is a disorder of muscular system. The classification of the muscular dystrophies is based on the signs and symptoms. Present study was done to evaluate the profile, types, duration and severity of muscular dystrophy at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at department of General Medicine, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad from October 2015 to December 2017. During the study period, it was possible to study the 20 cases of muscular dystrophy.Results: Muscular dystrophy was more common in males. Maximum cases were of Duchenne type of muscular dystrophy. Majority of the patients presented at 5-10 years of age. Muscular dystrophy was seen in early childhood. Out of 10 patients of Duchenne muscular dystrophy five patients were of grade I. There was no correlation between the duration of the disease and the severity of the disability. All patients had lower limb proximal weakness. Pathological Q wave (width > 30 ms) and Pathological Q wave (depth >more than 25% of the QRS amplitude) were present in 35% of the cases. All patients had rhythm NSR and QRS +60 to +75. Conduction abnormality was present in 5% of the cases. In half of the patients, serum creatinine kinase levels are moderately elevated.Conclusions: Muscular dystrophies are a common disorder of the childhood. Detailed studies will help to focus more light on this condition to improve outcome in future patients.